Animal Ethics: Islamic Approach
Mohsen
Jahed
Associate Professor of Philosophy, Department of wisdom and Theology, Faculty of Theology and Religions. Shaid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
eng
Nowadays, animal ethics/rights is a main branch in applied ethics. In second half of the 20th century, this field was seriously put in the center of philosophical discussions, and various theories came into existence in defense of animals. After introducing western theories on this issue, this essay by enjoying of novel thoughts of Allamah Tabatabai that adapted from the Koran’s doctrines, would set forth a theory on animal status that copes with Islamic texts about animals. Allamah Tabatabai by enjoying of ayah 38 of surah al-Araf believes that animals have private beliefs, and these private beliefs result in that animals reveal various ethical behaviors, that they must be responsible for them. So, they should revive in the resurrection. The consequence of this view is that animals are persons, and the life could be meaningful or meaningless for them. This exalted status results in high ethical rights for them that we can observe them in Islamic texts.
Ethical Reflections
University of Zanjan, Iran
2676-4180
2
v.
2
no.
2021
10
24
https://jer.znu.ac.ir/article_248376_d232de53e91cd887a6b4cfe489b2809c.pdf
Moral Obligation in the Face of Global Poverty and Hunger
Fateme Zahra
Mohri Adaryani
M.A. in Ethics, Department of Ethics, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
author
Seyed Mohammad
Hoseini Souraki
Assistant Professor at Ethics, Department of Ethics, Faculty of Humanities, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
eng
The phenomenon of poverty is a multifaceted and complex problem that cannot be easily provided with a solution or even defined or measured. Despite the remarkable human progress in various fields, there are still more than 600 million people in the world who are struggling with the shortage of adequate food. The issue of poverty, along with the crisis of climate change, is one of the most prevalent issues facing human beings today, and its effects are becoming more tangible on a daily basis. Despite much research on the devastating effects of poverty, many thinkers still consider it as a marginal issue and even believe that helping the poor is abortive. In contrast, many theorists, while rejecting their arguments, emphasize the importance and necessity of helping the poor and eradicating poverty in the world. Therefore, this descriptive and analytical research, while examining the issue of poverty and its destructive dimensions, expresses the views of ethic philosophers in the fields of utilitarianism and conscientiousness. Moreover, an attempt is made to criticize each of them as far as possible. Finally, considering all the views expressed, it seems that helping the poor and hungry people in the world is not only necessary, but also a moral duty and obligation in a way that, if ignored, our lives will not be moral whatsoever.
Ethical Reflections
University of Zanjan, Iran
2676-4180
2
v.
2
no.
2021
28
46
https://jer.znu.ac.ir/article_248377_b76122d2b9ad8aca46c0140d76c0d599.pdf
The Problem of Ignoring the Value of Human Life in Three Stories of the Quran
Ruhalla
Najafi
Associate Professor, Kharazmi University
author
text
article
2021
eng
In the present study, we are faced with three scenes of three stories of the Quran. In the first scene, Abraham is commanded in dream to sacrifice his son. He decides to do it and his son followed him. In the second scene, Khidr, kills a teenager without sin. His argument is that "we feared he would overwhelm his parents with rebellion and unfaith".In the third scene, Moses obliges his people to slaughter each otherto repent of worshiping the calf . The common problem in these three stories is ignoring the value of human life.The present article states that the problem is solvable if our morality is based on the belief in God and religion. Because God gives life and takes life and Abraham, Khidr and Moses are commanded by God. As a result, God's behavior can not be criticized according to human moral standards.
Ethical Reflections
University of Zanjan, Iran
2676-4180
2
v.
2
no.
2021
48
60
https://jer.znu.ac.ir/article_248150_9c24894cbd800df5a0f55ae0767223a2.pdf
Investigating the importance of intellectual virtues in education and how to acquire them
sadegh
mirahmadi
Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Education, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University / Iran
author
text
article
2021
eng
The educational responsibility of professors, in addition to guiding students to a successful life, includes preparing them to accept and cultivate virtue in their personal and academic lives. Virtue epistemology is one of the new approaches in contemporary analytic philosophy that provides a rich set of tools for educational theories to teach students how to think correctly, by focusing on intellectual virtues and emphasizing their role in acquiring knowledge and knowledge. Give. Intellectual virtues such as curiosity, open-mindedness, intellectual courage, intellectual forgiveness, intellectual independence, intellectual humility, intellectual empathy, can help professors and students to better achieve educational goals.In this analytical study, using the epistemological data of responsiblity virtue, intellectual virtues were extracted and four skills for cultivating them were explained. Then, the main criticisms of the role and importance of intellectual virtues in education were discussed and evaluated.The results of this study showe that teaching intellectual virtues to students is one of the most important tasks of professors and its position is to help students to be self-sufficient and prepare for adulthood and its important role in political and social life without alternatives.
Ethical Reflections
University of Zanjan, Iran
2676-4180
2
v.
2
no.
2021
62
78
https://jer.znu.ac.ir/article_248151_cee23aa50b02de13f44ba7c6213bb351.pdf
Analysis of the Principle of "Correlation of Self-Analysis with Moral-Conduct” from the Perspective of Nahj-ul Balaqa
Mahmoud
Rasouli
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
eng
Self-analysis is the most useful, guiding and presupposition of any moral and human activity. Imam Ali (AS)'s call to self-knowledge is in fact a moral invitation and through this he introduces an important principle in self-calculation and self-assessment: "The priority of internal and personal auditing over the auditing of selfish and external critics". The strategic benefit of this solidarity is the intelligent and conscious confrontation in the four relationships of intra-personal, inter-personal, extra-personal and sacred, which is the first relationship, the foundation of other relationships, and the moral and immoral conduct depends on the nature and quality of this relationship. Imam (AS) means intelligent confrontation, including intelligence, emotion and morality and considers it as the basis of self-management in all matters of the individual and considers the secret of success in moral-human conduct.The result of observing it and in the end He concludes that moral conduct cannot be achieved and promoted without self-awareness. The method of this paper will be descriptive-analytical and presents a moral reading of self-accounting.
Ethical Reflections
University of Zanjan, Iran
2676-4180
2
v.
2
no.
2021
80
95
https://jer.znu.ac.ir/article_248338_6e3d766ea30842eecab7d69607a64d90.pdf
Organizational spirituality in the Armed Forces from the perspective of the Supreme Leader (Case: IRGC)
Hassan
Khalili
PhD Student in Systems Management, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2021
eng
The main issue of the research is to explain organizational spirituality from the perspective of the Supreme Leader in the Armed Forces. Using the qualitative approach of content analysis. The word spirituality has been used since the leadership of Ayatollah Khamenei in the Revolutionary Guards. To validate organizational spirituality, focus groups and Delphi were used. The results of the analysis showed that organizational spirituality is presented in five levels: individual, individual, group, organizational and extra-organizational. The relationship with God, divine help and divine success at the transcendental level, the themes of sincerity, piety, faith, self-purification, insight, transcendence, servitude, materialism, knowledge, duty and Jihad at the individual level, Islamic values, Islamic education, social excellence, youthful capacities, moral virtues and moral vices. At the interpersonal or group level, the themes of initiative, authority, progress, revolutionaryness, organizational excellence, representative body of the Supreme Leader, governorship, moving in the divine path, maintaining spirituality, organizational structure, human capital, organizational culture and organizational identity At the organizational level, the themes of the enemies of the Islamic system, defense of the Islamic system, confrontation with arrogance, justice, revolutionary ideals and the Islamic system were located at the extra-organizational level. According to the research results, considering the goals and missions of the Armed Forces in achieving full readiness to maintain the Islamic system and the achievements of the revolution.
Ethical Reflections
University of Zanjan, Iran
2676-4180
2
v.
2
no.
2021
98
117
https://jer.znu.ac.ir/article_247847_27f33b1c3bf8c17867ce3cf5d9ec346b.pdf