The Relationship between Ethics and Religion from the View Points of Allama Ṭabāṭabāʾī and Shahīd Moṭaharī

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor at Al-Mustafa International University, Department of Philosophy and Theology, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Although the philosophy of ethics has not been much considered by Muslim thinkers and their topics are mainly related to ethics, Allama Ṭabāṭabāʾī and Shahīd Moṭaharī are among the few Shiite scholars who have simultaneously considered ethics and philosophy of ethics and have discovered innovative topics in this field. The topics of these two thinkers, although different in some cases, are generally complementary. One of the topics considered by the two is the relationship between ethics and religion. Allama Ṭabāṭabāʾī and Shahīd Moṭaharī have considered the relationship between ethics and religion from different aspect sand have presented a comprehensive view based on philosophical principles and documented Qur'anic and narrative evidence. Accordingly, the present study employs descriptive-analytical and library methods to examine the opinions of these two thinkers in the field of ethics and its relationship with religion. It is concluded that the negation of the conflict between ethics and religion, the role of religion in justifying ethical requirements, the extremity of religion over ethics, and religion as the only executive guarantor of ethical behavior are among of the most important relations between ethics and religion from the perspective of these two thinkers. Also, the result of this relationship is that contrary to the view that basically considers belief in God Almighty incompatible with ethical action, for these two persons, there is a kind of constructive interaction between ethics and religion in the promotion of religious beliefs and ethical behaviors.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

نسبت اخلاق و دین از دیدگاه علامه طباطبایی و شهید مطهری

Author [Persian]

  • جواد رقوی
عضو هیئت علمی جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، گروه فلسفه و کلام، مشهد، ایران.
Abstract [Persian]

علامه طباطبایی و شهید مطهری از معدود عالمان شیعه هستند که توأماً به علم الاخلاق و فلسفه اخلاق نظر داشته و مباحث بدیعی را در این زمینه پی افکنده اند. مباحث این دو اندیشمند اگر چه در بعضی موارد متفاوت است اما در مجموع مکمل یکدیگر است. یکی از مباحثی که مورد توجه آن دو قرار گرفته مساله نسبت اخلاق و دین است. علامه طباطبایی و شهید مطهری نسبت اخلاق و دین را از زوایای مختلف مورد توجه و تامل قرار داده و دیدگاهی جامع مبتنی بر مبانی فلسفی و مستند به شواهد قرانی و روایی إرائه نموده اند. در این نوشتار با روش توصیفی تحلیلی و شیوه کتابخانه ای، آراء این دو متفکر در حوزه اخلاق و نسبت آن با دین مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و این نتیجه بدست آمده است که نفی تعارض اخلاق و دین، نقش دین در توجیه الزمات اخلاقی، غایت بودن دین نسبت به اخلاق، دین به مثابه تنها ضامن اجرایی رفتارهای اخلاقی از جمله مهمترین نسب موجود میان اخلاق و دین از دیدگاه این دو اندیشمند است. همچنین حاصل رابطه مذبور این است که برخلاف دیدگاهی که اساسا باور به خداوند قادر مطلق را ناسازگار با فعل اخلاقی می داند، از نظر این دو شخص، نوعی تعامل سازنده بین اخلاق و دین در مسیر اعتلای باورهای دینی و رفتارهای اخلاقی وجود دارد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • فلسفه اخلاق. دین. اخلاق. علامه طباطبایی. شهید مطهری. الزامات اخلاقی

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Ethical Reflections
Volume 1, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
October 2020
Pages 47-64

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History

  • Receive Date: 03 March 2021
  • Accept Date: 14 April 2021

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