Ethical Reflections

Ethical Reflections

Illustration and Discussion of the Role of Moral Virtues in Ayn Rand’s Egoism

Document Type : Review Article

Author
Raham Sharaf
Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
10.30470/er.2024.2012364.1254
Abstract
Ayn Rand is one of the theorists of moral egoism in the contemporary era. He confirms that despite the differences between his thought and Aristotle, he is influenced by Aristotle in explaining his moral theory. It seems that one of the topics of Rand's moral theory, which is influenced by Aristotelian thought, is the role of moral virtues in human happiness. Although Rand's moral theory is completely self-centered and, in this respect, it is far from Aristotle's moral point of view, but like Aristotle and his commentators, he also mentions moral virtues that play an important role in achieving the ultimate goal of ethics from his point of view. The aim of the upcoming research is to explain the moral virtues in Rand's moral theory in detail, to analyze the role of these virtues in the formation of the self-centered person's personality from his point of view, and finally to examine and evaluate his point of view. For this purpose, we will first introduce his interpretation of the theory of moral egoism, and then we will examine the role of moral virtues in this theory.
Keywords
Moral egoism
Moral virtues
Happiness
Rationalism
Personality

Subjects

Article Title Persian

تبیین و بررسی نقش فضایل اخلاقی در خودگرایی اخلاقی آین رند

Author Persian

رهام شرف
دانشیار فلسفه دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران
Abstract Persian

آین رَند یکی از نظریه­پردازان خودگرایی اخلاقی در دوران معاصر است. با وجود اختلافات میان اندیشۀ او و ارسطو، وی بر این مسئله اعتراف دارد که در نظریۀ اخلاقی‌اش متأثر از ارسطوست. به نظر می­آید یکی از مباحث نظریۀ اخلاقی رند که متأثر از اندیشۀ ارسطویی است، نقش فضایل اخلاقی در سعادت انسان باشد. گرچه نظریۀ اخلاقی رند به­طور کامل خودگرایانه است و از این حیث با دیدگاه اخلاقی ارسطو فاصله دارد، اما او نیز  مانند ارسطو از فضائل اخلاقی­ای یاد می­کند که نقش مهمی در دستیابی به غایت نهایی اخلاق از منظر او دارند. هدف این پژوهش آن است که ضمن تبیین دقیق فضائل اخلاقی در نظریۀ اخلاقی رند، به تحلیل نقش آنها در شکل­گیری شخصیت انسان خودگرا از نظر او پرداخته و در نهایت دیدگاهش را مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار دهد. به­همین منظور ابتدا به معرفی تفسیر آین رند از نظریۀ خودگرایی اخلاقی پرداخته شده و سپس نقش فضائل اخلاقی در این نظریه مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.

Keywords Persian

خودگرایی اخلاقی
فضایل اخلاقی
سعادت
عقل گرایی
شخصیت
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  • Receive Date 26 September 2023
  • Accept Date 06 March 2024